主进程background.js

import { ipcMain, dialog } from 'electron';
ipcMain.handle('dialog:openDirectory', async () => {
  const { canceled, filePaths } = await dialog.showOpenDialog(win, {
    properties: ['openDirectory']
  })
  if (canceled) {
    return
  } else {
    return filePaths[0]
  }
})

渲染进程

const path = await window?.ipcRenderer?.selectFolder();

preload.js

const { contextBridge: bridge, ipcRenderer } = require('electron');
bridge.exposeInMainWorld('ipcRenderer', {
  selectFolder: () => ipcRenderer.invoke('dialog:openDirectory')
});